Reversing mechanism for machine-tools.



A. M. SOSA.

REVERSING MECHANISM FOR MACHINE TOOLS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 8. 1914.

Pafented Feb. 8, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

A. M. SOSA.

REVERSING MECHANISM FOR MACHINE TOOLS.

APPLlcATxoN FILED JuLY 8,1914.

2` SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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muted Feb. 8,1916.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. y

ivI. sosA, or CINCINNATI, CHIC, AssIeNon To THE AMERICAN TooL WennsAUGUSTUS COMPANY, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, A CORPORATION F OHIO.'

REVERSING MEciIANIsivI FCR MACHINn-Toors.

Specification of Letters Patent.` k Patented Fel-LS, 1916,

Application filed July 8,1914. Serial No. 849,659.

Y To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, AUGUSTUS M. SosA, a citizen of the United States,and residing at Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton-and State of Ohio,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Reversing Mechanism forMachine-Tools, ofwhich the following.

' fr 2 is a mutilated yplan lview'on line 2 2, Fig. j

1. Fig. 3 is av section on line 3-3,. Fig. 1, with the web ofthe pulleybroken away to specification is a full disclosure;

My invention relates to. transmission mechanism, primarily thev maindrive for a machine tool for imparting' either a. forward or reverserotation with the reverse rotation preferably at a higher rate of speed.

An object of my invention is to provide compact and unitary devices as'the primary transmission for a machine tool inv which the direction ofrotation can be readily and conveniently, selectivelyV and"v alternatelychanged, under` the control 0f ausingle hand' lever, and at a relativelydiierent speed, for

preferably imparting a forward or higher cording to its requirements.

speed reverse direction of rotation.

Another object of my inventionv relates to the concentric arrangement ofdriving pulley,

driven lshaft and intermediate differential power transmitting elements,qualifying in one instance as unitary coupling means independentlynon-rotative and housed within v the compass of the periphery 'of thepulley for imparting rotation to said l'driving shaft' in one direction,and convertible through clutching devices to independently rotatingV theelements for imparting a reverse direcl as a driven member,withdifferential andY planetary gears in train and capable of beingconnected as intermediates with said pulley and shaft `for imparting ahigherv speeded reverse rotation to said shaft, and

also qualifying as coupling devices for unitarily combining said pulleyand shaftfor al corresponding rotation. Other objects and features of myinvention will be more fully4 revealed from the annexed drawings, andthe following de scription thereof disclosing a preferred enibodiment ofthe invention which also com- 1 vprises details of construction forproviding a self-contained powerl transmitting devicev and' reverse ata-higherrate of speed, in compact and neatly housed structurefand insuch drawings 'like characters of reference denote correspondingparts-throughout the several views, ofwhichc- Figure 1 is a centralvertical section. Fig.

more clearly illustrate the spliting actuating li'nger.-v Fig. 4 is asection on line 4 4, Fig; 1.

lIhe device as villustrated is utilized pri-V marily conjunctivelyl witha machine tool as a transmission :for imparting either, forward orreverse rotation and preferably with the reverse at a higher lrate ofspeed; ,This, however, is a geometrical result -derived from the-ratioof gearing employed'in the devicevwhich may be variously modified ac-The device is readily applicable to the i various classes of machinetools and is comprised in Va self-contained organizationwherein theclutching and dierential mechanisms arel all compactlyv housed.

In the drawings, 1 indicates a portion of the frame of a machinetoolupon'which the transmission device is applied. YIt is provided with anextended bearing hub 2, having an elongated vbushing 3 concentricallylixed'- within its bore non-rotative and projected` beyond thehub toforni a tubular bearing upon which the transmission elements aresupported and within which the driving shaft 1-of the machine tool isconcentrically journaled. Suitable bearingV bushings are employedbetween ythe shaft and bearing 3 .as an expedient of good InefVchanicalpractice. yA sleeve 5 is concentricallyrotatively mounted uponthe tubular bearingv 3 and provides Va connector between thedifferentials and clutching mechanism,

hub 7 is illustrated as atubular member iitting into the pulley andfixed thereto as afacility in the manufacture, but it may form when aforward rotation is imparted to sliaft'etA and free thereon for reverserotation of said shaft. The coupling means for connecting the pulley totheV sleeve 5 may be of any well known design, which is conveniently andquickly operated, and in this instance preferably comprises a frictionclutch of the' following components. IThe pulley 6 has an annular hubextension 8 projected into an annular cup-shaped friction member 9concentrically fixed or reyed upon the sleeve 5 to interveningly receivethe split friction damping ring 10. A wedge pin 11, rotativeiy ournaledin said pulley hub and web, engages between'the split ends of the ringto expandthe saine to clamp the pulley to said friction member 9 andconnecting sleeve 5. vThe pin 11 projects beyond the web of the pulleyand has a finger-12 fixed thereon for rocking it to clamp and releasethe ringr from the friction member 9. rilhe finger 12 is yieldinglyurged toward the axis of the pulley by a spring 122L which engages itsouter end and is secured to the web of .the pulley. rllhe outer end ofthe finger 12 is also provided with a screw 12b which provides amicrometer adjustment of the finger movement. y

rfhe system of differential or planetary gears as a unit are arranged torotate with the pulley 6 and. the shaft a for the forward rotation ofthe shaft a and do' not qualify then as gears, but :merely as connectingmeans in position to immediately operate vfor a reverse rotation byrespectively being in constant interinesh. ln the forward rotation theyare locked against relative rotary movement. AThe pulley'6 at one sidehas a casing member'l fiXedthereto and unitarily rotating therewith. Thecasing has a cover plate 14t providing a closure therefor, and

also serves as a bearing for the planetaryv gears withinthe casingl. Theshaft 4; has a gear 15 fixed thereon and withinthe casing 13,andthe'connector sleeve 5 has one of its ends projected into said casing13, with a gear 16 fixed thereon adjacent the gear 15. These gea-rs 15'and 16 are intermeshed respectively with the planetary compound gearsherein illustrated in duplicate,

in which'the gear 17 Aas a membery of said compound gearing, intermesheswith gear 15, while gear 18 as a second member intermeshes with the gear16'upontlie connector sleeve 5. The compound gear is loosely journaledwithin the casing and mounted upon a shaft 19, its ends supported withinthe casing and closure plate, as shown in Fig. 1, and comprise elementsof the planeary gears` which are arranged in plural number or sets to beherein illustrated, in fact, the number may be varied to meet thedesires of the users. Thus it will'be observed that as the gear 16,through the'connector sleeve 5 and coupling means, is cz,- pable ofbeing secured as a unit to the pulley 6 to rotate in the same directiontherewith,

vaxis of shaft 4, combined all the elements described, namely, shaft fl,gears 15 and 16 with their intermeshing planetary gears 11i' and 18 withthe pulley 6, so as to revolve about a common axis, and are thusutilized for driving the shaft 4 in the same direction as that of thepulley 6A referred to herein as the forward direction.

F or yreverselyy rotating the shaft il., the function of the planetarygears is brought into operation in which they rotate about their ownaXis as well as a common axis, and which is accomplished by locking gear16 against rotation so that it qualifies as a rack with the planetaryvgears revolving around said gear 16, producing independent rotationthereof, which is distributed to the gear 15 rotating the same and itsshaft et in a direction reverse to that of pulley 6.

The gear 16 isylocked against rotation by the following mechanism: Acasing 26 is rigidly secured to the machine frame 1, at one side of thepulley 6, opposite the casing 13. This casing interiorly has an annularflange-like extension 21, providing a friction, guiding surface forfriction clutch mechanism. 'A drum 22 fixed to the connector sleeve 5forms a second clamping member for'the friction clutch device, fittingwithin the recess formed by the annular flange 21,'to form an opposingfriction surface upon theperiphery of said member A clamping split ring23 is interposed between said annular surface, adapted to be expanded bya. web block 24, secured to an annulus 25 loosely and concentricallymounted upon a thimble 26, concentrically slidable upon the hubextension 7 of the pulley, which thimble provides actuator meansfoi-'rocking the finger 12 and shifting the web Qll'alternately. Theannulus Q5 is made of two parts to facilitate its manufacture,`with onemember provided with an annular offset, which, together with the secondmember of the annulus forms a circumferential groove for retainingly,rotatively connecting the annulus to .the sliding thimble 26, thethimble 26 having an annular flange radiating therefrom and projectinginto said circumferential groove of the annulus The opposite end of thethimble is incline so as to readily pass beneath the finger and rock thesame as the thimble is shifted to the left for expanding the split-ring10, for functioning said first described clutch mechanism whichunitarily combines the with the pulley 6. When the second clutch devicesv.are 'brought into commission 'Sithey will lock the connector sleeve 5against'rota'-` tion, it being'noted that vthe clutching de- Y' vicesclampto the lframeQO, which. isnon` rotative, and, therefore,' securelyholdv vgear 16 against rotation forproducing the re-r verse drive toshaft 4."` In such instance theI first clutch mechanism lis "released,whichl f v releases the connector'sleeve' 5' from the p'ul-fY ley6,-with the pulley revolvinglooselyfuponf said sleeve. The planetarygears being: con`A nected vto revolve about the avisi of 'the pul--l ley6 also revolving about 'their own axesv when gear 16 is non-rotative, inthe samel direction asthat ofpulley 6,'transmitting-a reverse directionto gear fixed Yon shaft 4. The speed, of course,-being :dependent uponthe gear ratio employed, and, there-' fore, may be at the sameror'at'ahigher or lower rate of'speedthan'that of pulley 6,

but in the preferred use it is desirable -thati the reverse rotationof'shaft 4' be at ahigher rate of speed than that of pulley 6. As shown,thethimble 26 'alternately op-verates two opposing friction 'clutchdevices,

which "arbitrarily prevents simultaneous functioning of thetvvodifferentclutch'devices, and, therefore, in a measure qualifies i as safetymeans, and also simplifies the conlorleft will accordingly shift theclutch 26 in a direction to operate aselectedclutchingsition, asl shownin Fig.v l, recognized asa" struction to ena-ble it to be fope'rated'bya' single hand lever. 1 Thecl'utch thimble 2611s slid from onepositiontoa second lorto an intermediate neutral position by hand levermoving the hand lever 27 yto either the right device for eitherforwardly '-or revei'selyro'-` tating the shaft 4." When the shiftingmechanism for the clutches assumes the poneutral position, nov motion istransmitted to the shaft 4, because/the planetary gearsl merely' revolvearound vgear and rotatef the gear 16 in a reverse direction.

The pulley 6 in the operation of the device revolves constantly l infone' direction,

and, as has been eXplained, nomotionisim parted to shaft 4withtheclutchthimble inA its neutral position. Now, assuming that thethimble 26 has been movedl to the left,'or toward the pulley 6, thiswillrock the finger 12 to expand the split or friction ring 10 clamping thepulley to the connector sleeve 5, 'rotating its gear l16, as a unitwiththef' pulley. The planetary gears moving about the common axis ofthe pulley 6 and sleeve and serve to bind allpthe gearsftogether as aunit. i The relationship between lshaft 4 and pulley are'the equivalentof being-in" direct connection, and, therefore,irevolvei"as-1 av unit inthev same direction and speed,- and hereiufreferredlto as the forwarddrive. Now, Vfurther assuming that the vclutch thimble is moved to the'eXtreme right, or to analternate positionfrom that above assumed,-`

which releases the first clutching devicesand brings the secondlclutching devices into com'- mission, which locks the connector sleevetothe stationary vframe 20,",o'r tothe machine frame, gearlGisthen-qualii-ed as a circuni- I ferential rack around which vtheplanetary geargrevolves withvthe pulley 6 and also' rotates themupon theindividual aXis transmitting rotativeinotion to gear. 15 and shaft 4.The direction of rotation andfspe'ed ofl shaft 4, however, depends uponthe gearY ratio employed. As an example, assume that gearlmakes one-halfofa revolution backpulley 6 makes one revolution forward, the shaft 4willthus make one-half y ward, while revolution forward. Now, again,arrange gearing so that 'the rotating pulley andgear saV lisequalized,eachcordinately making a -V revolution 'relatively ino-pposing directions and 'with no ldifference in speed, the shaft 4willfremain stationary. Now reverse theV conditions asto speed, assumethat gear `l5V is caused to rotate v-tworevolutions back ward to oneforward of pulley 6. This will obtain a resulting difference 'of onerevolution backward for shaftv 4, and it is primarily tosuch a"combination to which my invention isdiiected in a broad aspect,

namely to rotate the shaft `4 .at a higher reverse 'speed than theforward speed of the pulley 6.v YDuring the forward drive of shaft vfore relievedQof any wear, but in constant i 4,- the gears have norotation and are thereintermesli 'and operative without jar in thereverse drive 'of the shaft l4. Its structure hasmechanical advantagesin that the gear-' ing clutching 'devices are completely bound and thewhole a unitary 'combinationreadily v adapted to a machinetool.` Asaffurther advantage Vit-is to be noted that the drive pul-y VVley andthesleeve -5 'are jo-urnaled on-k the fixed tubularsupport and have nobearing driving pull of the driving belt, thereby provi'dingl al freerunning shaft and reducing member, a pulley supported upon saidmemo-nthe shaft `4. This relieves the shaft of all transverse strainsdue to the tension and f bei', fa -system of .planetary-gearsunitarily`r rotative with said pulley and' operatively connected withsaid shaft, vanda gear mem;-

ber available as lock member for unitarily unitingthe rotative members.andI adaptedv to be non-rotatively retained for rotatingsaid planetaryfgears upon their Aaxis to rotatesaid shaft reversely.

2. A device of -the nature disclosed combining a non-rotativesupportingl member,a shaftl passing `con'centrically freely through saidmember, a tubular membenconcentrically supported: upon saidsupportingvmemiber, a vpulley concentrically supported upon` saidAtubular member, -a' pair Ofplanetary gears unitarily revolublewith saidpulley and in transmitting train with` said= shaft and tubular member,and means for operatively connecting Vsaid tubular member Iwith saidpulley and conversely for non-rotatively lockingthe same, whereby saidshaft may be selectively driven vby said vpulley inv forward and reversedirections.

`3. A device ofthe nature disclosed combining a non-rotative supporting.member, lI a pulley thereon, adriven shaftadapted to receive motion fromsaid pulley, compound planetarygear supported upon said pulley ingelement projectedrtherefrom, a driven.'

shaft passing freely through said casing bearing element, apulleyjournaledon said bearing element and providing a closure for saidcasing, a compound planetary gear journaled within one side of. saidpulley, a gear fixed to said shaft in train with said compoundplanetarygear, a gear member coaxial with saidl pulley in train withsaid compound planetary gear, a clutch device.-

within said casing and pulley closure.. for connectingvsaid gear memberto said pulley, a second clutch device within said casing and pulleyclosure for uniting said gear member and casing non-rotatively lockingsaid gear member, and a singleV lever con-- trolled clutch actuatormechanism for said clutching devices adapted` to alternatively functionthe same, for unitarily revolubly yuniting said rotative members, andsecondlyfor independently functioning said gearfor nieuwe with saidshaftgear and ,gear member, and

means for locking said gear member to f said pulley, fnon-rotatinglyunitingsaid gears for a corresponding rotation ofthepulleyand shaft, 'and-alternately conversely vfor nonro'tativelylockingsaidgear member to the support for rotating saidy planetary gearsupon their own. axis, for driving said shaft in a -direction -reverselyxfrom that of said pulley landatva *relatively higher rate of speed.

6. AV dev-ice of "the naturevldisclosed combining a `non-rotativesupportingv member andy providing Ia casing and friction clutch element,la shaft passing concentrically freely through saidmembena-tubularmember concentrically' supported upon said r supporting member, agpulley lconcentrically supported upon l.said tubular ymember, providingya closure -for said supportingl membercasing iandfa -friction clutchelement, a pair of planetaryge'ars-unit-arily revolubl'e with saidpulley and .iny transmitting ltrain with said shaft and tubular member,`friction clutchrelements-rigid withsaid tubular membery -respectivelycoperativev with said easing and pulley clutch elements, and means Yforv frictionally uniting f said respectiveY coperatingf clutch elementsalternately, whereby said `shaft may be `selectively rotated bythe'pulley in'corresponding and conversely -in' relatively oppositedirections.

7. A device'of thefnaturel disclosed combining la rigid overhangingsupport, a driven shaft passingV vfreely throughv said support, a first.gear fixed tothe lfree end of theshaft,'a second gear journaled on thesupport', a drive pulley journaled on the hub ofthe second gear,planetary gears journaled `on the pulleyintermediate the first andsecond gears, means for alternately rotatively connecting f-the'f secondgear and pulley and -non-rotatively connecting the second gear andfrigidsupport.

In witnesswhereof I hereunto subscribe my v name, l as attested by thetwo subscribing witnesses.` l Y AUGUSTUS M. SOSA. Witnesses:

EMMA` SPENER, L. A. BECK.

Copies ofv this patent may be obtainednfor five cents each, byaddressingthe @Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. c.

